发布时间:2019-03-14 来源:导游词
福陵导游词篇一:沈阳福陵景区导游词
各位朋友,你们好!
“有朋自远方来不亦乐乎”,欢迎大家到福陵参观游览,福陵是清太祖努尔哈赤及其皇后叶赫那拉氏的寝陵,因其位于沈阳城的东郊,故又称东陵,它与新宾的永陵,沈阳昭陵被合称为清初的关外三陵。
福陵,建在天柱山上,天柱山是长白山的余脉,原名石咀头山,东牟山,福陵的修建历史大体经过了三个阶段:即天聪时期的草创,顺治时期的修缮,康熙时期的改建。
各位朋友,现在呈现在我们面前,座落于翠绿的群山之中,气势雄伟的古建筑群就是福陵。福陵占地面积19.48万平方米,依山傍水,整个陵园由低向高巧妙的依山势而建,宝城、宝顶俱建在山峦之颠。
福陵按其自然布局可分为三部分,即大红门外区、神道区、方城、宝城区三部分,从下马碑到正红门为第一部分。
福陵的下马碑有6座,四座在陵前,两座在东、西红门附近,正红门前两侧的下马碑上用满、汉、蒙三种文字写着“官员人等至此下马”。过了下马碑,陵园前东西两侧各耸立着石狮一对,华表一对,石牌楼一对。石碑楼也叫下马牌楼,为诸色仿木石材建成,四柱三楼,横坊上有斗拱,二龙戏珠等纹饰。正中心刻有文字及各种瑞祥图案,文字朝外,用满汉蒙三种文字刻着“往来人等至此下马,如违定依法处治”整个牌坊的雕工古朴、典雅、精美。从正红门到碑楼为陵园的第二部分,也就是神道区,正红门是陵园的正门,两侧是五彩蟠龙袖壁,四周是矩形红包缭墙将整个陵园圈为一体,正红门为三楹单桅歇山式仿木架结构,上顶铺满琉璃瓦、大脊、重脊、大吻、重善一抹金黄。拱门三道,彩油为饰,上有染金门钉及兽面“铺首”、三道拱门,正中一间叫“神门”,是供所谓墓主“神灵’出入的门户,此间平日不开,只是在大祭时供抬祝版,制帛以及其它祭品的官员出入,其它人不得行走。东为:“君门”是皇帝祭陵出入之外,西为“臣门”是祭祀大臣走的门,过了。正红门一条与神门相逢300米长的“神道”直至石拱桥、神道和神门一样有极严格的使用规定,除抬祭品的官员可以通行以外,其它人一律严行禁走,违者受法律惩处。对神道的设置,清代陵墓有一项特殊的规定,郎神道与隆恩门之间必须修建一座建筑做隔断、名曰“一眼望不断”,寓意大清江山万事一系。为此。有的清陵在神道上修龙风门,沈阳昭陵修建神功圣德碑,福陵不仅建有神功圣德碑,而且根据地理条件还修有一百零八蹬。起到双层隔断作用,这是福陵区别于其它清陵之处。
神道两侧成中轴对称,整齐的排列着一对石望柱和四对石象生。石望柱上各坐犼一只,相传犼是龙的九子之一,因其好望,故让其守陵。石象生依次为狮、虎、马、骆驼。据说,石马是仿当年努尔哈赤的坐骑龙马——一种典型的蒙古马雕刻的。神道尽头便是与两座“神桥”相连接的,巧妙依山势而建的“福陵天蹬”;俗称“一百零八蹬”,“欲知福陵绝佳处,石阶送尔上天登”;福陵天蹬是明清皇陵中独一无二的建筑形式,那么石阶为什么要修一百零八级呢?一种说法与星宿有关,相传天上有三十六天罡星,七十二地煞.星,在《水浒传》中梁山好汉一百单八将就是就是这些星宿“下凡”,“一百单八蹬”寓意将天罡地煞星踩于脚下,以保福陵平安无事。也以此显示至高无上的皇权。
福陵导游词篇二:沈阳福陵导游词
各位朋友,你们好!
“有朋自远方来不亦乐乎”,欢迎大家到福陵参观游览,福陵是清太祖努尔哈赤及其皇后叶赫那拉氏的寝陵,因其位于沈阳城的东郊,故又称东陵,它与新宾的永陵,沈阳昭陵被合称为清初的关外三陵。
福陵,建在天柱山上,天柱山是长白山的余脉,原名石咀头山,东牟山,福陵的修建历史大体经过了三个阶段:即天聪时期的草创,顺治时期的修缮,康熙时期的改建。
各位朋友,现在呈现在我们面前,座落于翠绿的群山之中,气势雄伟的古建筑群就是福陵。福陵占地面积19.48万平方米,依山傍水,整个陵园由低向高巧妙的依山势而建,宝城、宝顶俱建在山峦之颠。
福陵按其自然布局可分为三部分,即大红门外区、神道区、方城、宝城区三部分,从下马碑到正红门为第一部分。
福陵的下马碑有6座,四座在陵前,两座在东、西红门附近,正红门前两侧的下马碑上用满、汉、蒙三种文字写着“官员人等至此下马”。过了下马碑,陵园前东西两侧各耸立着石狮一对,华表一对,石牌楼一对。石碑楼也叫下马牌楼,为诸色仿木石材建成,四柱三楼,横坊上有斗拱,二龙戏珠等纹饰。正中心刻有文字及各种瑞祥图案,文字朝外,用满汉蒙三种文字刻着“往来人等至此下马,如违定依法处治”整个牌坊的雕工古朴、典雅、精美。 从正红门到碑楼为陵园的第二部分,也就是神道区,正红门是陵园的正门,两侧是五彩蟠龙袖壁,四周是矩形红包缭墙将整个陵园圈为一体,正红门为三楹单桅歇山式仿木架结构,上顶铺满琉璃瓦、大脊、重脊、大吻、重善一抹金黄。拱门三道,彩油为饰,上有染金门钉及兽面“铺首”、三道拱门,正中一间叫“神门”,是供所谓墓主“神灵’出入的门户,此间平日不开,只是在大祭时供抬祝版,制帛以及其它祭品的官员出入,其它人不得行走。东为:“君门”是皇帝祭陵出入之外,西为“臣门”是祭祀大臣走的门,过了。正红门一条与神门相逢300米长的“神道”直至石拱桥、神道和神门一样有极严格的使用规定,除抬祭品的官员可以通行以外,其它人一律严行禁走,违者受法律惩处。对神道的设置,清代陵墓有一项特殊的规定,郎神道与隆恩门之间必须修建一座建筑做隔断、名曰“一眼望不断”,寓意大清江山万事一系。为此。有的清陵在神道上修龙风门,沈阳昭陵修建神功圣德碑,福陵不仅建有神功圣德碑,而且根据地理条件还修有一百零八蹬。起到双层隔断作用,这是福陵区别于其它清陵之处。 神道两侧成中轴对称,整齐的排列着一对石望柱和四对石象生。石望柱上各坐犼一只,相传犼是龙的九子之一,因其好望,故让其守陵。石象生依次为狮、虎、马、骆驼。据说,石马是仿当年努尔哈赤的坐骑龙马——一种典型的蒙古马雕刻的。神道尽头便是与两座“神桥”相连接的,巧妙依山势而建的“福陵天蹬”;俗称“一百零八蹬”,“欲知福陵绝佳处,石阶送尔上天登”;福陵天蹬是明清皇陵中独一无二的建筑形式,那么石阶为什么要修一百零八级呢?一种说法与星宿有关,相传天上有三十六天罡星,七十二地煞.星,在《水浒传》中梁山好汉一百单八将就是就是这些星宿“下凡”,“一百单八蹬”寓意将天罡地煞星踩于脚下,以保福陵平安无事。也以此显示至高无上的皇权。
另一种说法与佛教有关,佛家认为人生有108种烦恼,为去掉这些烦恼,念佛要108遍。晓钟要叩108下,佛珠要用108颗,所以佛教建筑多与此数有关。据专家考证一百单八蹬的建筑形式在全国仅有两处,另一处在山西五台山上的菩萨顶。
走过神桥,便会看到碑楼,碑楼建于公元1688元,重檐歇山式建筑。正中立着康熙皇帝亲笔的“大清福陵神功圣德碑”。碑文是用满汉两种文字雕刻的,上面详细的定述了努尔哈赤的生平,创业的艰辛以及丰功伟绩,福陵的神功圣德碑有一种奇特的现象,每当阴雨天气,碑身的背面会显现宽袍大袖,飘飘然如踏云而来观音侧身像,所以又称观音石。碑楼内地伏四角各雕一凹型海水漩涡,每个漩涡内各雕一鱼、鳖、虾、蟹,每到阴雨天,漩涡内会蓄满水,其实这就是古称“月晕而风,础润而雨”的现象。
碑楼东为茶膳房、果房。面为涤器房、宰牲亭等,这都是祭祀时用来工作的建筑物。 过了碑楼,是一座城堡式建筑叫方城,这是陵园的主体建筑,也是最具满族特色的建筑,这是我们要参观的第三部分,方城高1丈5尺7寸,周长113丈8尺4寸,正中为隆恩门,上有三滴水歇山式门楼,周围边廊,尚北明间避门,黄琉璃瓦顶,原来隆恩门两侧有八颗松树,象征皇帝生前文武大臣垂手恭立于门前,故称为“站班松”、隆恩门的两侧有砖砌石阶,拾级而上便到了方城之上。相传,秦始皇陵的内埠和外郭,就是按秦都咸阳的规制建造的,如此看来,皇陵中的方城是都城的象征,以体现“事死如事生”。方城的四角有四座角楼,均为两层冲檐歇山式建筑,上悬风铃,风吹铃动,一是可以驱赶鸟雀,使其不在这里筑巢,二是可以渲染庄严、肃穆的气氛(方城角楼的独特建筑是沈阳这两座陵寝区别于其他明清皇陵之处)。方城正殿叫隆恩殿,建在五尺高的大须弥座上,这里是祭祀的重要场所,隆恩殿为单檐歇山式建筑,周围边廊。上盖黄色琉璃瓦,架梁全部为和玺彩绘,隆恩殿三间四门八窗,明三间以隔扇门为装饰。殿内有大暖阁,大暖阁内供小暖阁,供有陵牌殿后有二柱门、石祭台、洞门,洞门之上便是大明楼。楼中立“太祖高皇帝之陵”的石碑,此碑就是福陵的“圣号碑”。由于“圣号碑”具有特殊地位,此碑和其他碑制不同。其中一点便是它被涂成许多色彩,碑面用朱砂染成红色,碑文填金,其它各部用红、黄、白、兰、绿五色彩丝、金光闪闪、鲜艳夺目。清末以后由于失修色彩脱落,特别是1962年5月7日大明楼着火被毁,此碑受到一定损失,我们现在看到的大明楼是后来修复的,方城后是月牙城,古人认为“天有阴晴,月有盈亏”,满月象征团圆,而月牙则代表离散。人死谓之亏,所以把这修成月牙形,以示悲哀。城内空旷、沉寂,只有北墙正中的琉璃照壁,为这座空城墙添了一些生气,据说这照壁地宫的人口。
月牙城以北便是宝城,这是一座半圆形的“城”,高了丈七尺一寸,周围五十九丈五尺,相传修宝城要用“童子夯”,就是修夯打衬上时,用十岁左右的男童踩踏,不用木夯或石夯,因为在古代人心中,童男童女是圣洁、吉祥的象征,宝城中间高大的土丘就是“宝顶”,“宝顶”之下就是福陵的“心脏”部位——地宫。努尔哈赤及皇后就长眠在这里。宝顶之上有棵榆树是附会新宾永陵的神榆。
福陵建筑凝聚着我国古代劳动人民的智慧和技艺。也受到了劳动人民的保护,虽几经战火仍保存完好,现已被列为国家重点文物保护单位,近年来陵区附近又开发了一批景区、景点,今天的福陵已成为一座具有历史文物,园林风光,旅游度假等多功能的观光旅游中心,正以其独特的睦力吸引着八方游客。朋友们,当你在闲暇之余,不妨来看看这一国皇帝的长眠之地,聆听松涛阵阵,静静的的体味一下那古老的传说,感受一下春观杏林春晓;夏看隆楼烟雨;秋望芳草云天;冬赏西山晴雪的乐趣,福陵,着昔日的帝王陵寝,正以一种古老而崭新的面貌迎接着您,若老汗王泉下有知,也一定会感慨万千吧!
福陵导游词篇三:沈阳福陵英文导游词
Dear friends,
"A friend coming from afar afar," Welcome to the Fuling visited. Fuling is Nuerhachi Yehenala's and the Queen's bedroom mound because the Yangcheng in the eastern outskirts of Shenyang, it is also called Dongling, with the new object appears. Shenyang Zhao Ling, were jointly called the early Qing Dynasty Tomb outside the customs 3.
Fuling, built in Tianzhu Mountain, the Tianzhu Mountain is adjacent to the Changbai Mountain, formerly head Shizuitang Hill, Dongmou Hill, Fuling history of the construction of roughly into three stages : during the days of clever grassroots, discovering this period, the repairs Kangxi period conversion.
Dear friends, now show us, is situated in the green mountains, There the majestic ancient architecture group is Fuling. Fuling covers 194,800 square meters, a national nature reserve, the entire cemetery from low to high mountain cleverlybuilt-City, Ideas Ju's built on hills subversion.
Fuling according to the natural pattern can be divided into three parts, namely Three People in Her Life outside,Shinto, Fangcheng Po District 3, from the north of the monument is the first part of 1800-1834. Fuling halt the erection of a six, four of the mound, two in the east, near Modernization, Hung on both sides are in front of the abandoned-lasting with the Han, Mongolian three reads "officials who then abandoned."Abandoned after the monument before the mausoleum both sides of the square stands a pair of stone lions, the ChineseTable 1 right, a stone arched. Stone House is also called the abandoned arched color of Victor Modeled Wood Stone built, the third floor of 4, Wang Square on the hipErlonghuzhu and other decorations.Is the center engraved with the text and pictorial various Ruixiang, North Korea Foreign language, Han Meng with three words the words "between people now halted. If breach of the law will Treatment "of the whole Church,with its simple,elegant and exquisite.
From 1800-1834 to Beilou is for the second part of the mausoleum, which is Shinto, the mausoleum is the tomb of the main entrance, Distinguished both sides are colorful sleeve wall, surrounded rectangular red packets center of the whole mausoleum wall circles as one. Sanying is noteworthy for the single-mast curled imitative wood frame structure, paved with glazed tiles on the roof, ridge,re-ridge, kiss,heavy hint of golden good.Three arches, painted oil pendants, played up on Kinmen nails and Face, "the first shop," three arches, a center called the "Door of the Gods" is the section for the so-called "gods' access to the gateway, do not come here on weekdays only in the big festival for lifting wish version, silk and other system officials access offerings, others are not permitted to operate on. East : "Monarch door" access to the emperor Jiling, West "Robinson Gate" is the worship minister go door before. Royal is a reunion with God doors of the 300-meter-long "chosen" until the Stone Arch Bridge. Shinto and the same God doors very strict use, in addition to carrying offerings officials passable, others are strictly prohibited firms go offenders punishable by law. Shinto right settings, and the Qing Dynasty tomb with a special, Lang Shinto gate between the imperial favor with the construction of a building must be cut off so that his name "look up to a constant," Great Qing Dynasty implies a line everything. To this end. Some money on the mound in Shinto repair Longfengshan door, Zhao Ling Shenyang Sandelin monument built immortals, Fuling not only built immortals Sandelin milestone, but according to geographic conditions have also revised 108 check. play a double role will be lost, This is different from other Fuling-ling it
Shinto into both sides of axial symmetry, Arrange with a stone-look four pairs of stone and poetry. Stone Pillar column Hou one of the sitting, according to legend, Hou is the dragon's nine sons, because of Good Hope, it allowed Shou-ling. Stone poetry were lions, tigers, horses and camels. It is said that Shima was Nurhachu imitation is the limousine excellent health -- a typical Mongolian Horse carvings.Shinto is to end with two "god Bridge" connecting the mountain ingeniously built "Fuling days tread"; commonly known as the "108-tread", "For Fuling excellent, Dole God sent the stairs to board." Fuling days of the Ming REMAINED tread uniquearchitectural styles, so why should repair the stairs 108? With a view of the constellation, according to legend, the sky Tiangangxing 36, 72 to expelling sha.Star, "The Water Margin" revolt 108 hopefuls will theseconstellation is "descending" "108 check" to symbolize FMA will Tian-gang hit in the foot to ensure Fuling peaceful.Also demonstrate the supremacy of the imperial power.
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