this is the text of the commencement address by steve jobs, ceo of apple computer and of pixar animation studios, delivered on june 12, XX.

　　i am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. i never graduated from college. truth be told, i never graduated from college. this is the closest i've ever gotten to a college graduation. today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that's it. no big deal. just three stories.

　　斯坦福是世界上最好的大学之一，今天能参加各位的毕业典礼，我备感荣幸。(尖叫声)我从来没有从大学毕业，说句实话，此时算是我离大学毕业最近的一刻。(笑声)今天，我想告诉你们我生命中的三个故事，并非什么了不得的大事件，只是三个小故事而已。

　　the first story is about connecting the dots.

　　第一个故事　关于串起生命中的点点滴滴

　　i dropped out of reed college after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before i really quit. so why did i drop out?

　　退学是我这一生所做出的最正确的决定之一。我在里德大学待了6个月就退学了，但之后仍作为旁听生混了18个月后才最终离开。我为什么要退学呢?

　　it started before i was born. my biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. she felt very strongly that i should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. except that when i popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. so my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "we have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" they said: "of course." my biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. she refused to sign the final adoption papers. she only relented a few months later when my parents promised that i would someday go to college.

　　故事要从我出生之前开始说起。我的生母是一名年轻的未婚妈妈，当时她还是一所大学的在读研究生，于是决定把我送给其他人收养。她坚持我应该被一对念过大学的夫妇收养，所以在我出生的时候，她已经为我被一个律师和他的太太收养做好了所有的准备。但在最后一刻，这对夫妇改了主意，决定收养一个女孩。候选名单上的另外一对夫妇，也就是我的养父母，在一天午夜接到了一通电话：“ 有一个不请自来的男婴，你们想收养吗?” 他们回答：“ 当然想。” 事后，我的生母才发现我的养母根本就没有从大学毕业，而我的养父甚至连高中都没有毕业，所以她拒绝签署最后的收养文件，直到几个月后，我的养父母保证会把我送到大学，她的态度才有所转变。

　　and 17 years later i did go to college. but i naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. after six months, i couldn't see the value in it. i had no idea what i wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. and here i was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. so i decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out ok. it was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions i ever made. the minute i dropped out i could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

　　17 年之后，我真上了大学。但因为年幼无知，我选择了一所和斯坦福一样昂贵的大学，(笑声)我的父母都是工人阶级，他们倾其所有资助我的学业。在6个月之后，我发现自己完全不知道这样念下去究竟有什么用。当时，我的人生漫无目标，也不知道大学对我能起到什么帮助，为了念书，还花光了父母毕生的积蓄，所以我决定退学。我相信车到山前必有路。当时作这个决定的时候非常害怕，但现在回头去看，这是我这一生所做出的最正确的决定之一。(笑声)从我退学那一刻起，我就再也不用去上那些我毫无兴趣的必修课了，我开始旁听那些看来比较有意思的科目。

　　it wasn't all romantic. i didn't have a dorm room, so i slept on the floor in friends' rooms, i returned coke bottles for the 5 cent; deposits to buy food with, and i would walk the 7 miles across town every sunday night to get one good meal a week at the hare krishna temple. i loved it. and much of what i stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. let me give you one example:

　　reed college at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. because i had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, i decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. i learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. it was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and i found it fascinating.

　　这件事情做起来一点都不浪漫。因为没有自己的宿舍，我只能睡在朋友房间的地板上;可乐瓶的押金是5 分钱，我把瓶子还回去好用押金买吃的;在每个周日的晚上，我都会步行7英里穿越市区，到harekrishna教堂吃一顿大餐，我喜欢那儿的食物。我跟随好奇心和直觉所做的事情，事后证明大多数都是极其珍贵的经验。我举一个例子：那个时候，里德大学提供了全美国最好的书法教育。整个校园的每一张海报，每一个抽屉上的标签，都是漂亮的手写体。由于已经退学，不用再去上那些常规的课程，于是我选择了一个书法班，想学学怎么写出一手漂亮。在这个班上，我学习了各种体，如何改变不同体组合之间的间距，以及如何做出漂亮的版式。那是一种科学永远无法捕捉的充满美感、历史感和艺术感的微妙，我发现这太有意思了。

　　none of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. but ten years later, when we were designing the first macintosh computer, it all came back to me. and we designed it all into the mac. it was the first computer with beautiful typography. if i had never dropped in on that single course in college, the mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. and since windows just copied the mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. if i had never dropped out, i would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when i was in college. but it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

　　当时，我压根儿没想到这些知识会在我的生命中有什么实际运用价值;但是10 年之后，当我们设计第一款macintosh 电脑的时候，这些东西全派上了用场。我把它们全部设计进了mac ，这是第一台可以排出好看版式的电脑。如果当时我大学里没有旁听这门课程的话，mac 就不会提供各种体和等间距体。自从windows系统抄袭了mac 以后，(鼓掌大笑)所有的个人电脑都有了这些东西。如果我没有退学，我就不会去书法班旁听，而今天的个人电脑大概也就不会有出色的版式功能。当然我在念大学的那会儿，不可能有先见之明，把那些生命中的点点滴滴都串起来;但10 年之后再回头看，生命的轨迹变得非常清楚。

　　again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. you have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. this approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

　　再强调一次，你不可能充满预见地将生命的点滴串联起来;只有在你回头看的时候，你才会发现这些点点滴滴之间的联系。所以，你要坚信，你现在所经历的将在你未来的生命中串联起来。你不得不相信某些东西，你的直觉、命运、生活、因缘际会…… 正是这种信仰让我不会失去希望，它让我的人生变得与众不同。

　　my second story is about love and loss.

　　第二个故事　关于爱与失去

　　i was lucky — i found what i loved to do early in life. woz and i started apple in my parents garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we had just released our finest creation — the macintosh — a year earlier, and i had just turned 30. and then i got fired. how can you get fired from a company you started? well, as apple grew we hired someone who i thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. but then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. when we did, our board of directors sided with him. so at 30 i was out. and very publicly out. what had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

　　被苹果开掉是我这一生所经历过的最棒的事情。

　　我是幸运的，在年轻的时候就知道了自己爱做什么。在我20 岁的时候，就和沃兹在我父母的车库里开创了苹果电脑公司。我们勤奋工作，只用了10 年的时间，苹果电脑就从车库里的两个小伙子扩展成拥有4000 名员工，价值达到20 亿美元的企业。而在此之前的一年，我们刚推出了我们最好的产品macintosh 电脑，当时我刚过而立之年。然后，我就被炒了鱿鱼。一个人怎么可以被他所创立的公司解雇呢?(笑声)这么说吧，随着苹果的成长，我们请了一个原本以为很能干的家伙和我一起管理这家公司，在头一年左右，他干得还不错，但后来，我们对公司未来的前景出现了分歧，于是我们之间出现了矛盾。由于公司的董事会站在他那一边，所以在我30 岁的时候，就被踢出了局。我失去了一直贯穿在我整个成年生活的重心，打击是毁灭性的。

　　i really didn't know what to do for a few months. i felt that i had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that i had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. i met with david packard and bob noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. i was a very public failure, and i even thought about running away from the valley. but something slowly began to dawn on me — i still loved what i did. the turn of events at apple had not changed that one bit. i had been rejected, but i was still in love. and so i decided to start over.

　　在头几个月，我真不知道要做些什么。我觉得我让企业界的前辈们失望了，我失去了传到我手上的指挥棒。我遇到了戴维. 帕卡德(普惠的创办人之一)和鲍勃. 诺伊斯(英特尔的创办人之一)，我向他们道歉，因为我把事情搞砸了。我成了人人皆知的失败者，我甚至想过逃离硅谷。但曙光渐渐出现，我还是喜欢我做过的事情。在苹果电脑发生的一切丝毫没有改变我，一个比特都没有。虽然被抛弃了，但我的热忱不改。我决定重新开始。

　　i didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. the heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. it freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

　　during the next five years, i started a company named next, another company named pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, toy story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. in a remarkable turn of events, apple bought next, i returned to apple, and the technology we developed at next is at the heart of apple's current renaissance. and laurene and i have a wonderful family together.

　　我当时没有看出来，但事实证明，我被苹果开掉是我这一生所经历过的最棒的事情。成功的沉重被凤凰涅槃的轻盈所代替，每件事情都不再那么确定，我以自由之躯进入了我整个生命当中最有创意的时期。

　　在接下来的5 年里，我开创了一家叫做next 的公司，接着是一家名叫pixar 的公司，并且结识了后来成为我妻子的曼妙女郎。pixar 制作了世界上第一部全电脑动画电影《玩具总动员》，现在这家公司是世界上最成功的动画制作公司之一。(掌声)后来经历一系列的事件，苹果买下了next ，于是我又回到了苹果，我们在next 研发出的技术成为推动苹果复兴的核心动力。我和劳伦斯也拥有了美满的家庭。

　　i'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if i hadn't been fired from apple. it was awful tasting medicine, but i guess the patient needed it.

　　sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. don't lose faith. i'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that i loved what i did. you've got to find what you love. and that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. if you haven't found it yet, keep looking. don't settle. as with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. and, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. so keep looking until you find it. don't settle.

　　我非常肯定，如果没有被苹果炒掉，这一切都不可能在我身上发生。

　　生活有时候就像一块板砖拍向你的脑袋，但不要丧失信心。热爱我所从事的工作，是一直支持我不断前进的惟一理由。你得找出你的最爱，对工作如此，对爱人亦是如此。工作将占据你生命中相当大的一部分，从事你认为具有非凡意义的工作，方能给你带来真正的满足感。而从事一份伟大工作的惟一方法，就是去热爱这份工作。如果你到现在还没有找到这样一份工作，那么就继续找。不要安于现状，当万事了于心的时候，你就会知道何时能找到。如同任何伟大的浪漫关系一样，伟大的工作只会在岁月的酝酿中越陈越香。所以，在你终有所获之前，不要停下你寻觅的脚步。不要停下。

　　my third story is about death.

　　第三个故事 关于死亡

　　when i was 17, i read a quote that went something like: "if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." it made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, i have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "if today were the last day of my life, would i want to do what i am about to do today?" and whenever the answer has been "no" for too many days in a row, i know i need to change something.

　　在17 岁的时候，我读过一句格言，好像是：“ 如果你把每一天都当成你生命里的最后一天，你将在某一天发现原来一切皆在掌握之中。” (笑声)这句话从我读到之日起，就对我产生了深远的影响。在过去的33 年里，我每天早晨都对着镜子问自己：“ 如果今天是我生命中的末日，我还愿意做我今天本来应该做的事情吗?” 当一连好多天答案都否定的时候，我就知道做出改变的时候到了。

　　remembering that i'll be dead soon is the most important tool i've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. remembering that you are going to die is the best way i know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. you are already naked. there is no reason not to follow your heart.

　　提醒自己行将入土是我在面临人生中的重大抉择时，最为重要的工具。

　　因为所有的事情——外界的期望、所有的尊荣、对尴尬和失败的惧怕——在面对死亡的时候，都将烟消云散，只留下真正重要的东西。在我所知道的各种方法中，提醒自己即将死去是避免掉入畏惧失去这个陷阱的最好办法。人赤条条地来，赤条条地走，没有理由不听从你内心的呼唤。

　　about a year ago i was diagnosed with cancer. i had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. i didn't even know what a pancreas was. the doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that i should expect to live no longer than three to six months. my doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. it means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. it means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. it means to say your goodbyes.

　　大约一年前，我被诊断出癌症。在早晨7 ：30 我做了一个检查，扫描结果清楚地显示我的胰脏出现了一个肿瘤。我当时甚至不知道胰脏究竟是什么。医生告诉我，几乎可以确定这是一种不治之症，顶多还能活3至6个月。大夫建议我回家，把诸事安排妥当，这是医生对临终病人的标准用语。这意味着你得把你今后10 年要对你的子女说的话用几个月的时间说完;这意味着你得把一切都安排妥当，尽可能减少你的家人在你身后的负担;这意味着向众人告别的时间到了。

　　i lived with that diagnosis all day. later that evening i had a biopsy, where they stuck anendoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. i was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. i had the surgery and i'm fine now.

　　我整天都想着诊断结果。那天晚上做了一个切片检查，医生把一个内窥镜从我的喉管伸进去，穿过我的胃进入肠道，将探针伸进胰脏，从肿瘤上取出了几个细胞。我打了镇静剂，但我的太太当时在场，她后来告诉我说，当大夫们从显微镜下观察了细胞组织之后，都哭了起来，因为那是非常罕见的，可以通过手术治疗的胰脏癌。我接受了手术，现在已经康复了。

　　this was the closest i've been to facing death, and i hope its the closest i get for a few more decades. having lived through it, i can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

　　no one wants to die. even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. and yet death is the destination we all share. no one has ever escaped it. and that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life. it is life's change agent. it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

　　这是我最接近死亡的一次，我希望在随后的几十年里，都不要有比这一次更接近死亡的经历。在经历了这次与死神擦肩而过的经验之后，死亡对我来说只是一项有效的判断工具，并且只是一个纯粹的理性概念，我能够更肯定地告诉你们以下事实：没人想死;即使想去天堂的人，也是希望能活着进去。(笑声)死亡是我们每个人的人生终点站，没人能够成为例外。生命就是如此，因为死亡很可能是生命最好的造物，它是生命更迭的媒介，送走耄耋老者，给新生代让路。现在你们还是新生代，但不久的将来你们也将逐渐老去，被送出人生的舞台。很抱歉说得这么富有戏剧性，但生命就是如此。

　　your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. don't be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people's thinking. don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. and most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. they somehow already know what you truly want to become. everything else is secondary.

　　你们的时间有限，所以不要把时间浪费在别人的生活里。不要被条条框框束缚，否则你就生活在他人思考的结果里。不要让他人的观点所发出的噪音淹没你内心的声音。最为重要的是，要有遵从你的内心和直觉的勇气，它们可能已知道你其实想成为一个什么样的人。其他事物都是次要的。

　　when i was young, there was an amazing publication called the whole earth catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. it was created by a fellow named stewart brand not far from here in menlo park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. this was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. it was sort of like google in paperback form, 35 years before google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

　　在我年轻的时候，有一本非常棒的杂志叫《全球目录》(the whole earth catalog)，它被我们那一代人奉为圭臬。这本杂志的创办人是一个叫斯图尔特. 布兰德的家伙，他住在menlo park，距离这儿不远。他把这本杂志办得充满诗意。那是在60 年代末期，个人电脑、桌面发排系统还没有出现，所以出版工具只有打机、剪刀和宝丽来相机。这本杂志有点像印在纸上的google ，但那是在google 出现的35 年前;它充满了理想色彩，内容都是些非常好用的工具和了不起的见解。

　　stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words: "stay hungry. stay foolish." it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you.

　　图尔特和他的团队做了几期《全球目录》，快无疾而终的时候，他们出版了最后一期。那是在70 年代中期，我当时处在你们现在的年龄。在最后一期的封底有一张清晨乡间公路的照片，如果你喜欢搭车冒险旅行的话，经常会碰到的那种小路。在照片下面有一排：物有所不足，智有所不明(stay hungry ，stay foolish. 求知若饥，虚心若愚)这是他们停刊的告别留言。物有所不足，智有所不明—— 我总是以此自省。现在，在你们毕业开始新生活的时候，我把这句话送给你们。

　　stay hungry. stay foolish.

　　thank you all very much

　　求知若饥，虚心若愚。

　　非常感谢!

乔布斯在斯坦福大学的演讲稿

　　this is the text of the commencement address by steve jobs, ceo of apple computer and of pixar animation studios, delivered on june 12, XX.

　　这是苹果公司和pixar动画工作室的ceo steve jobs于XX年6月12号在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼上面的演讲稿。

　　i am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. i never graduated from college. truth be told, this is the closest i've ever gotten to a college graduation. today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that's it. no big deal. just three stories.

　　我今天很荣幸能和你们一起参加毕业典礼，斯坦福大学是世界上最好的大学之一。我从来没有从大学中毕业。说实话,今天也许是在我的生命中离大学毕业最近的一天了。今天我想向你们讲述我生活中的三个故事。不是什么大不了的事情,只是三个故事而已。

　　the first story is about connecting the dots.

　　第一个故事是关于如何把生命中的点点滴滴串连起来。

　　i dropped out of reed college after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before i really quit. so why did i drop out?

　　我在reed大学读了六个月之后就退学了,但是在十八个月以后——我真正的作出退学决定之前,我还经常去学校。我为什么要退学呢？

　　it started before i was born. my biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. she felt very strongly that i should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. except that when i popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. so my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "we have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" they said: "of course." my biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. she refused to sign the final adoption papers. she only relented a few months later when my parents promised that i would someday go to college.

　　故事从我出生的时候讲起。我的亲生母亲是一个年轻的,没有结婚的大学毕业生。她决定让别人收养我, 她十分想让我被大学毕业生收养。所以在我出生的时候，她已经做好了一切的准备工作，能使得我被一个律师和他的妻子所收养。但是她没有料到,当我出生之后,律师夫妇突然决定他们想要一个女孩。所以我的生养父母（他们还在我亲生父母的观察名单上）突然在半夜接到了一个电话:“我们现在这儿有一个不小心生出来的男婴,你们想要他吗？”他们回答道:“当然！”但是我亲生母亲随后发现，我的养母从来没有上过大学,我的父亲甚至从没有读过高中。她拒绝签这个收养合同。只是在几个月以后,我的父母答应她一定要让我上大学,那个时候她才同意。

　　and 17 years later i did go to college. but i naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. after six months, i couldn't see the value in it. i had no idea what i wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. and here i was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. so i decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out ok. it was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions i ever made. the minute i dropped out i could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

　　在十七岁那年,我真的上了大学。但是我很愚蠢的选择了一个几乎和你们斯坦福大学一样贵的学校, 我父母还处于蓝领阶层，他们几乎把所有积蓄都花在了我的学费上面。在六个月后, 我已经看不到其中的价值所在。我不知道我想要在生命中做什么,我也不知道大学能帮助我找到怎样的答案。但是在这里，我几乎花光了我父母这一辈子的所有积蓄。所以我决定要退学,我觉得这是个正确的决定。不能否认,我当时确实非常的害怕, 但是现在回头看看,那的确是我这一生中最棒的一个决定。在我做出退学决定的那一刻, 我终于可以不必去读那些令我提不起丝毫兴趣的课程了。然后我还可以去修那些看起来有点意思的课程。

　　it wasn't all romantic. i didn't have a dorm room, so i slept on the floor in friends' rooms, i returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and i would walk the 7 miles across town every sunday night to get one good meal a week at the hare krishna temple. i loved it. and much of what i stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. let me give you one example:

　　但是这并不是那么罗曼蒂克。我失去了我的宿舍,所以我只能在朋友房间的地板上面睡觉,我去捡5美分的可乐瓶子，仅仅为了填饱肚子, 在星期天的晚上,我需要走七英里的路程，穿过这个城市到hare krishna寺庙（注：位于纽约brooklyn下城）,只是为了能吃上饭——这个星期唯一一顿好一点的饭。但是我喜欢这样。我跟着我的直觉和好奇心走, 遇到的很多东西,此后被证明是无价之宝。让我给你们举一个例子吧：

　　reed college at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. because i had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, i decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. i learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. it was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and i found it fascinating.

　　reed大学在那时提供也许是全美最好的美术课程。在这个大学里面的每个海报, 每个抽屉的标签上面全都是漂亮的美术。因为我退学了, 没有受到正规的训练, 所以我决定去参加这个课程，去学学怎样写出漂亮的美术。我学到了san serif 和serif体, 我学会了怎么样在不同的母组合之中改变空格的长度, 还有怎么样才能作出最棒的印刷式样。那是一种科学永远不能捕捉到的、美丽的、真实的艺术精妙, 我发现那实在是太美妙了。

　　none of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. but ten years later, when we were designing the first macintosh computer, it all came back to me. and we designed it all into the mac. it was the first computer with beautiful typography. if i had never dropped in on that single course in college, the mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. and since windows just copied the mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. if i had never dropped out, i would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when i was in college. but it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

　　当时看起来这些东西在我的生命中，好像都没有什么实际应用的可能。但是十年之后,当我们在设计第一台macintosh电脑的时候,就不是那样了。我把当时我学的那些家伙全都设计进了mac。那是第一台使用了漂亮的印刷体的电脑。如果我当时没有退学, 就不会有机会去参加这个我感兴趣的美术课程, mac就不会有这么多丰富的体，以及赏心悦目的体间距。那么现在个人电脑就不会有现在这么美妙的型了。当然我在大学的时候，还不可能把从前的点点滴滴串连起来,但是当我十年后回顾这一切的时候,真的豁然开朗了。

　　again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. you have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. this approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

　　再次说明的是,你在向前展望的时候不可能将这些片断串连起来；你只能在回顾的时候将点点滴滴串连起来。所以你必须相信这些片断会在你未来的某一天串连起来。你必须要相信某些东西：你的勇气、目的、生命、因缘。这个过程从来没有令我失望（let me down）,只是让我的生命更加地与众不同而已。

　　my second story is about love and loss.

　　我的第二个故事是关于爱和损失的。

　　i was lucky – i found what i loved to do early in life. woz and i started apple in my parents garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a billion company with over 4000 employees. we had just released our finest creation - the macintosh - a year earlier, and i had just turned 30. and then i got fired. how can you get fired from a company you started? well, as apple grew we hired someone who i thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. but then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. when we did, our board of directors sided with him. so at 30 i was out. and very publicly out. what had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

　　我非常幸运, 因为我在很早的时候就找到了我钟爱的东西。woz和我在二十岁的时候就在父母的车库里面开创了苹果公司。我们工作得很努力, 十年之后, 这个公司从那两个车库中的穷光蛋发展到了超过四千名的雇员、价值超过二十亿的大公司。在公司成立的第九年,我们刚刚发布了最好的产品,那就是macintosh。我也快要到三十岁了。在那一年, 我被炒了鱿鱼。你怎么可能被你自己创立的公司炒了鱿鱼呢? 嗯,在苹果快速成长的时候，我们雇用了一个很有天分的家伙和我一起管理这个公司, 在最初的几年,公司运转的很好。但是后来我们对未来的看法发生了分歧, 最终我们吵了起来。当争吵不可开交的时候, 董事会站在了他的那一边。所以在三十岁的时候, 我被炒了。在这么多人的眼皮下我被炒了。在而立之年，我生命的全部支柱离自己远去, 这真是毁灭性的打击。

　　i really didn't know what to do for a few months. i felt that i had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that i had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. i met with david packard and bob noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. i was a very public failure, and i even thought about running away from the valley. but something slowly began to dawn on me – i still loved what i did. the turn of events at apple had not changed that one bit. i had been rejected, but i was still in love. and so i decided to start over.

　　在最初的几个月里，我真是不知道该做些什么。我把从前的创业激情给丢了, 我觉得自己让与我一同创业的人都很沮丧。我和david pack和bob boyce见面，并试图向他们道歉。我把事情弄得糟糕透顶了。但是我渐渐发现了曙光, 我仍然喜爱我从事的这些东西。苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫的没有改变这些, 一点也没有。我被驱逐了,但是我仍然钟爱它。所以我决定从头再来。

　　i didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. the heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. it freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

　　我当时没有觉察, 但是事后证明, 从苹果公司被炒是我这辈子发生的最棒的事情。因为，作为一个成功者的极乐感觉被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替: 对任何事情都不那么特别看重。这让我觉得如此自由, 进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。

　　during the next five years, i started a company named next, another company named pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, toy story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. in a remarkable turn of events, apple bought next, i retuned to apple, and the technology we developed at next is at the heart of apple's current renaissance. and laurene and i have a wonderful family together.

　　在接下来的五年里, 我创立了一个名叫next的公司, 还有一个叫pixar的公司, 然后和一个后来成为我妻子的优雅女人相识。pixar 制作了世界上第一个用电脑制作的动画电影——“”玩具总动员”,pixar现在也是世界上最成功的电脑制作工作室。在后来的一系列运转中,apple收购了next, 然后我又回到了apple公司。我们在next发展的技术在apple的复兴之中发挥了关键的作用。我还和laurence 一起建立了一个幸福的家庭。

　　i'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if i hadn't been fired from apple. it was awful tasting medicine, but i guess the patient needed it. sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. don't lose faith. i'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that i loved what i did. you've got to find what you love. and that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. if you haven't found it yet, keep looking. don't settle. as with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. and, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. so keep looking until you find it. don't settle.

　　我可以非常肯定,如果我不被apple开除的话, 这其中一件事情也不会发生的。这个良药的味道实在是太苦了,但是我想病人需要这个药。有些时候, 生活会拿起一块砖头向你的脑袋上猛拍一下。不要失去信心。我很清楚唯一使我一直走下去的，就是我做的事情令我无比钟爱。你需要去找到你所爱的东西。对于工作是如此, 对于你的爱人也是如此。你的工作将会占据生活中很大的一部分。你只有相信自己所做的是伟大的工作, 你才能怡然自得。如果你现在还没有找到, 那么继续找、不要停下来、全心全意的去找, 当你找到的时候你就会知道的。就像任何真诚的关系, 随着岁月的流逝只会越来越紧密。所以继续找，直到你找到它，不要停下来！

　　my third story is about death.

　　我的第三个故事是关于死亡的。

　　when i was 17, i read a quote that went something like: "if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." it made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, i have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "if today were the last day of my life, would i want to do what i am about to do today?" and whenever the answer has been "no" for too many days in a row, i know i need to change something.

　　当我十七岁的时候, 我读到了一句话:“如果你把每一天都当作生命中最后一天去生活的话,那么有一天你会发现你是正确的。”这句话给我留下了深刻的印象。从那时开始,过了33年,我在每天早晨都会对着镜子问自己:“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天, 你会不会完成你今天想做的事情呢？”当答案连续很多次被给予“不是”的时候, 我知道自己需要改变某些事情了。

　　remembering that i'll be dead soon is the most important tool i've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. because almost everything – all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. remembering that you are going to die is the best way i know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. you are already naked. there is no reason not to follow your heart.

　　“记住你即将死去”是我一生中遇到的最重要箴言。它帮我指明了生命中重要的选择。因为几乎所有的事情, 包括所有的荣誉、所有的骄傲、所有对难堪和失败的恐惧,这些在死亡面前都会消失。我看到的是留下的真正重要的东西。你有时候会思考你将会失去某些东西,“记住你即将死去”是我知道的避免这些想法的最好办法。你已经赤身裸体了, 你没有理由不去跟随自己的心一起跳动。

　　about a year ago i was diagnosed with cancer. i had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. i didn't even know what a pancreas was. the doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that i should expect to live no longer than three to six months. my doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. it means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. it means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. it means to say your goodbyes.

　　大概一年以前, 我被诊断出癌症。我在早晨七点半做了一个检查, 检查清楚的显示在我的胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时都不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生告诉我那很可能是一种无法治愈的癌症, 我还有三到六个月的时间活在这个世界上。我的医生叫我回家, 然后整理好我的一切, 那就是医生准备死亡的程序。那意味着你将要把未来十年对你小孩说的话在几个月里面说完.；那意味着把每件事情都搞定, 让你的家人会尽可能轻松的生活；那意味着你要说“再见了”。

　　i lived with that diagnosis all day. later that evening i had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. i was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. i had the surgery and i'm fine now.

　　我整天和那个诊断书一起生活。后来有一天早上我作了一个活切片检查，医生将一个内窥镜从我的喉咙伸进去,通过我的胃, 然后进入我的肠子, 用一根针在我的胰腺上的肿瘤上取了几个细胞。我当时很镇静,因为我被注射了镇定剂。但是我的妻子在那里, 后来告诉我，当医生在显微镜地下观察这些细胞的时候他们开始尖叫, 因为这些细胞最后竟然是一种非常罕见的可以用手术治愈的胰腺癌症。我做了这个手术, 现在我痊愈了。

　　this was the closest i've been to facing death, and i hope its the closest i get for a few more decades. having lived through it, i can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

　　那是我最接近死亡的时候, 我还希望这也是以后的几十年最接近的一次。从死亡线上又活了过来, 死亡对我来说，只是一个有用但是纯粹是知识上的概念的时候，我可以更肯定一点地对你们说：

　　no one wants to die. even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. and yet death is the destination we all share. no one has ever escaped it. and that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life. it is life's change agent. it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

　　没有人愿意死, 即使人们想上天堂, 人们也不会为了去那里而死。但是死亡是我们每个人共同的终点。从来没有人能够逃脱它。也应该如此。因为死亡就是生命中最好的一个发明。它将旧的清除以便给新的让路。你们现在是新的, 但是从现在开始不久以后, 你们将会逐渐的变成旧的然后被清除。我很抱歉这很戏剧性, 但是这十分的真实。

　　your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. don't be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's thinking. don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice. and most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. they somehow already know what you truly want to become. everything else is secondary.

　　你们的时间很有限, 所以不要将他们浪费在重复其他人的生活上。不要被教条束缚,那意味着你和其他人思考的结果一起生活。不要被其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音。还有最重要的是, 你要有勇气去听从你直觉和心灵的指示——它们在某种程度上知道你想要成为什么样子，所有其他的事情都是次要的。

　　when i was young, there was an amazing publication called the whole earth catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. it was created by a fellow named stewart brand not far from here in menlo park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. this was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. it was sort of like google in paperback form, 35 years before google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

　　当我年轻的时候, 有一本叫做“整个地球的目录”振聋发聩的杂志，它是我们那一代人的圣经之一。它是一个叫stewart brand的家伙在离这里不远的menlo park书写的, 他象诗一般神奇地将这本书带到了这个世界。那是六十年代后期, 在个人电脑出现之前, 所以这本书全部是用打机,、剪刀还有偏光镜制造的。有点像用软皮包装的google, 在google出现三十五年之前：这是理想主义的， 其中有许多灵巧的工具和伟大的想法。

　　stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words: "stay hungry. stay foolish." it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you.

　　stewart和他的伙伴出版了几期的“整个地球的目录”,当它完成了自己使命的时候, 他们做出了最后一期的目录。那是在七十年代的中期, 你们的时代。在最后一期的封底上是清晨乡村公路的照片（如果你有冒险精神的话，你可以自己找到这条路的），在照片之下有这样一段话：“保持饥饿,保持愚蠢。”这是他们停止了发刊的告别语。“保持饥饿,保持愚蠢。”我总是希望自己能够那样,现在, 在你们即将毕业，开始新的旅程的时候, 我也希望你们能这样：

　　stay hungry. stay foolish.

　　保持饥饿，保持愚蠢。

　　thank you all very much.

　　非常感谢你们

跟乔布斯学习怎么写英语演讲稿

　　无论在学习还是工作中，我们都会接触或用到各类英语演讲，小到课堂作业和工作汇报，大到会议发言和职位竞选。那么如何才能打造一篇精彩的英语演讲稿呢?下面笔者就以乔布斯XX年斯坦福大学毕业演讲稿为范本来具体剖析一下英语演讲稿的写作要点，帮助大家了解其基本写作要领。i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观，能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 　　结尾有“道”，画龙点睛 　　演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用，要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好，如果结尾过于平淡，整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿，他的结尾比开篇更加出彩，采用的是“引文结尾”的方式，达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道：“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴，虚怀若谷)，而且重复三遍，强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播，被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 　　除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式，常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种：①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理，加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言，往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道：“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述，这是体现

　　结构清楚，逻辑清晰

　　指出演讲话题的重要性。比如要做一场关于“英语演讲的艺术”的演讲，演讲者在一开始就可以指出该演讲对于听众今后的学习、工作将会有很大帮助，甚至可以给出一些数据和实例，让听众明白不听这个演讲将会是一个损失，这样听众就会乐于认真听演讲了。②使听众感到震惊。例如要做一场关于“生活方式与疾病”的演讲，开篇就可以给出一组极具冲击力的数据，让听众看到生活方式不健康将会产生多么可怕的后果，这样的震惊能够使听众快速调整状态，投入到听演讲中去。③引起听众的好奇心。演讲者可以在开篇指出一种特别的现象，听众出于好奇就会认真听演讲，想知道演讲者如何分析或解释。④向观众提问。演讲者可以在开篇提出一个问题，这样可以引发听众的思考，也会引导他们去听演讲者如何解答问题。此外，也可以在开篇引用一段名言，或是讲述一个故事等，这些基本的开篇方式被无数的演讲证明是实用而且有效的。 　　观点明确，支撑有效 　　毫无疑问，在演讲稿中，主体段的信息量最大，写作量也最大。如何清晰地阐释演讲者的观点或演讲要点，如何用相关事实有效地支撑演讲者的各个论点或要点，是演讲稿主体段写作时应该把握的关键。乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业演讲中明确给出了三个要点：① the first story is about connecting the dots. ② my second story is about love and loss. ③ my third story is about death.为了清晰、有效地阐述自己想要表达的这三个要点，他运用了以下三种手段：首先是举例子。乔布斯在演讲中用了大量的事例来说明他怎么对待学习、工作和死亡。比如他说自己读书时旁听有意思的书法课程，这些课在当时对他没什么实质帮助，但是十年后在当他设计第一款macintosh电脑的时候，这些东西全派上了用场，这个例子充分说明了他演讲的第一个要点——串起生命中的点滴。另一个手段是引用。乔布斯在演讲中引用了一些名言警句来阐述自己的观点。比如在讲到死亡时，他引用了一句格言：“if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.”这句话表明了他对于生命和死亡的看法，使听众印象深刻。第三个手段是数据支持。在讲第二个故事——关于爱和失去时，乔布斯用了一系列数据来支撑自己的观点。他说自己是幸运的，因为“woz and i started apple in my parents’ garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we’d just released our finest creation—the macintosh—a year earlier, and

　　由于公共演讲的听众一般有数十人甚至数百、数千人，再加上演讲环境的不确定性(比如观众的欢呼或者抱怨)，演讲者最好在进入主题之后马上给出所讲内容的框架结构，使听众能跟随演讲者的思路，更好地预判整个演讲内容，以达到良好的演讲效果。比如，乔布斯在XX年斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲中，开篇稍微寒暄之后就进入正题：“today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that’s it. no big deal. just three stories.”听众马上能对演讲内容做出预判——今天会听到乔布斯谈三点，然后他们会关注具体是哪三点。这种演讲就具备了“以观众为中心”的特质。乔布斯在随后的演讲中分别提到，“the first story is about connecting the dots.”“my second story is about love and loss.”“my third story is about death.”由于演讲思路非常明晰，听众在听完之后也会记忆犹新。

　　i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观，能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 　　结尾有“道”，画龙点睛 　　演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用，要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好，如果结尾过于平淡，整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿，他的结尾比开篇更加出彩，采用的是“引文结尾”的方式，达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道：“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴，虚怀若谷)，而且重复三遍，强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播，被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 　　除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式，常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种：①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理，加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言，往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道：“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述，这是体现

　　当然，演讲稿在结构方面的逻辑顺序有许多种，乔布斯的这篇演讲是按照话题顺序和时间顺序来安排的。除此之外，还有空间顺序，“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”的顺序等。大家可以根据不同演讲内容的需要来安排自己演讲稿的逻辑顺序和整体结构。

　　开篇出彩，吸引听众

　　演讲稿的开篇往往需要花费大量的功夫去设计。在写作开篇时，演讲者需要结合听众特点、演讲场合和演讲主题等因素，争取在一开始就紧紧抓住听众的注意力和兴趣。下面笔者就介绍一下基本的演讲开篇模式，供大家以后写作演讲稿参考。

　　演讲内在统一性的经典形式，值得借鉴。 为了更加有效地掌握文中讲到的写作演讲稿的要点，笔者建议大家做到以下三点：①多看。多看一些演讲素材，比如名人演讲、演讲比赛优秀选手的演讲等，积累大量的一手素材;也有必要阅读一些关于英语公共演讲的书籍，笔者在此推荐stephen e. lucas的《演讲的艺术》(the art of public speaking)一书。②多想。学会分析这些演讲之所以精彩的原因，可以从笔者上面讲的几点入手分析。③多练。在有了一定的积累之后，要大量练习写作演讲稿，话题可以从日常学习和工作中选取，这样练习起来会更有兴趣和成就感。 　　(本文选自《新东方英语》杂志XX年2月号)

　　演讲稿开篇的目的是吸引听众。乔布斯在他的演讲稿开篇使用的是“关联话题与听众”的方式。这是一种比较有效的方法，因为人们一般对自己的事情都很关注，和自己相关的事情也会格外留意。乔布斯在演讲开篇说道：“i am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. truth be told, i never graduated from college. and this is the closest i’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.”高度赞美斯坦福大学——这就是在与听众发生关联。乔布斯就是通过这种方式让听众一开始就对自己产生好感或对自己的演讲内容产生兴趣。当然，乔布斯还用了适当的幽默，更好地融洽了与听众的关系。

　　演讲内在统一性的经典形式，值得借鉴。 为了更加有效地掌握文中讲到的写作演讲稿的要点，笔者建议大家做到以下三点：①多看。多看一些演讲素材，比如名人演讲、演讲比赛优秀选手的演讲等，积累大量的一手素材;也有必要阅读一些关于英语公共演讲的书籍，笔者在此推荐stephen e. lucas的《演讲的艺术》(the art of public speaking)一书。②多想。学会分析这些演讲之所以精彩的原因，可以从笔者上面讲的几点入手分析。③多练。在有了一定的积累之后，要大量练习写作演讲稿，话题可以从日常学习和工作中选取，这样练习起来会更有兴趣和成就感。 　　(本文选自《新东方英语》杂志XX年2月号)

　　除了乔布斯的这种开篇方式外，我们还需要了解和掌握其他一些开篇方式：①指出演讲话题的重要性。比如要做一场关于“英语演讲的艺术”的演讲，演讲者在一开始就可以指出该演讲对于听众今后的学习、工作将会有很大帮助，甚至可以给出一些数据和实例，让听众明白不听这个演讲将会是一个损失，这样听众就会乐于认真听演讲了。②使听众感到震惊。例如要做一场关于“生活方式与疾病”的演讲，开篇就可以给出一组极具冲击力的数据，让听众看到生活方式不健康将会产生多么可怕的后果，这样的震惊能够使听众快速调整状态，投入到听演讲中去。③引起听众的好奇心。演讲者可以在开篇指出一种特别的现象，听众出于好奇就会认真听演讲，想知道演讲者如何分析或解释。④向观众提问。演讲者可以在开篇提出一个问题，这样可以引发听众的思考，也会引导他们去听演讲者如何解答问题。此外，也可以在开篇引用一段名言，或是讲述一个故事等，这些基本的开篇方式被无数的演讲证明是实用而且有效的。

　　i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观，能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 　　结尾有“道”，画龙点睛 　　演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用，要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好，如果结尾过于平淡，整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿，他的结尾比开篇更加出彩，采用的是“引文结尾”的方式，达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道：“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴，虚怀若谷)，而且重复三遍，强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播，被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 　　除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式，常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种：①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理，加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言，往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道：“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述，这是体现　观点明确，支撑有效

　　毫无疑问，在演讲稿中，主体段的信息量最大，写作量也最大。如何清晰地阐释演讲者的观点或演讲要点，如何用相关事实有效地支撑演讲者的各个论点或要点，是演讲稿主体段写作时应该把握的关键。乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业演讲中明确给出了三个要点：① the first story is about connecting the dots. ② my second story is about love and loss. ③ my third story is about death.为了清晰、有效地阐述自己想要表达的这三个要点，他运用了以下三种手段：首先是举例子。乔布斯在演讲中用了大量的事例来说明他怎么对待学习、工作和死亡。比如他说自己读书时旁听有意思的书法课程，这些课在当时对他没什么实质帮助，但是十年后在当他设计第一款macintosh电脑的时候，这些东西全派上了用场，这个例子充分说明了他演讲的第一个要点——串起生命中的点滴。另一个手段是引用。乔布斯在演讲中引用了一些名言警句来阐述自己的观点。比如在讲到死亡时，他引用了一句格言：“if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.”这句话表明了他对于生命和死亡的看法，使听众印象深刻。第三个手段是数据支持。在讲第二个故事——关于爱和失去时，乔布斯用了一系列数据来支撑自己的观点。他说自己是幸运的，因为“woz and i started apple in my parents’ garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we’d just released our finest creation—the macintosh—a year earlier, and i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观，能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。

　　i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观，能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 　　结尾有“道”，画龙点睛 　　演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用，要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好，如果结尾过于平淡，整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿，他的结尾比开篇更加出彩，采用的是“引文结尾”的方式，达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道：“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴，虚怀若谷)，而且重复三遍，强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播，被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 　　除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式，常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种：①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理，加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言，往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道：“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述，这是体现

　　结尾有“道”，画龙点睛[来源：新东方 作者：钱希] 　　无论在学习还是工作中，我们都会接触或用到各类英语演讲，小到课堂作业和工作汇报，大到会议发言和职位竞选。那么如何才能打造一篇精彩的英语演讲稿呢?下面笔者就以乔布斯XX年斯坦福大学毕业演讲稿为范本来具体剖析一下英语演讲稿的写作要点，帮助大家了解其基本写作要领。 　　结构清楚，逻辑清晰 由于公共演讲的听众一般有数十人甚至数百、数千人，再加上演讲环境的不确定性(比如观众的欢呼或者抱怨)，演讲者最好在进入主题之后马上给出所讲内容的框架结构，使听众能跟随演讲者的思路，更好地预判整个演讲内容，以达到良好的演讲效果。比如，乔布斯在XX年斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲中，开篇稍微寒暄之后就进入正题：“today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that’s it. no big deal. just three stories.”听众马上能对演讲内容做出预判——今天会听到乔布斯谈三点，然后他们会关注具体是哪三点。这种演讲就具备了“以观众为中心”的特质。乔布斯在随后的演讲中分别提到，“the first story is about connecting the dots.”“my second story is about love and loss.”“my third story is about death.”由于演讲思路非常明晰，听众在听完之后也会记忆犹新。 当然，演讲稿在结构方面的逻辑顺序有许多种，乔布斯的这篇演讲是按照话题顺序和时间顺序来安排的。除此之外，还有空间顺序，“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”的顺序等。大家可以根据不同演讲内容的需要来安排自己演讲稿的逻辑顺序和整体结构。 　　开篇出彩，吸引听众 演讲稿的开篇往往需要花费大量的功夫去设计。在写作开篇时，演讲者需要结合听众特点、演讲场合和演讲主题等因素，争取在一开始就紧紧抓住听众的注意力和兴趣。下面笔者就介绍一下基本的演讲开篇模式，供大家以后写作演讲稿参考。 演讲稿开篇的目的是吸引听众。乔布斯在他的演讲稿开篇使用的是“关联话题与听众”的方式。这是一种比较有效的方法，因为人们一般对自己的事情都很关注，和自己相关的事情也会格外留意。乔布斯在演讲开篇说道：“i am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. truth be told, i never graduated from college. and this is the closest i’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.”高度赞美斯坦福大学——这就是在与听众发生关联。乔布斯就是通过这种方式让听众一开始就对自己产生好感或对自己的演讲内容产生兴趣。当然，乔布斯还用了适当的幽默，更好地融洽了与听众的关系。 　　除了乔布斯的这种开篇方式外，我们还需要了解和掌握其他一些开篇方式：①

　　演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用，要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好，如果结尾过于平淡，整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿，他的结尾比开篇更加出彩，采用的是“引文结尾”的方式，达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道：“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴，虚怀若谷)，而且重复三遍，强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播，被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。

　　i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观，能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 　　结尾有“道”，画龙点睛 　　演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用，要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好，如果结尾过于平淡，整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿，他的结尾比开篇更加出彩，采用的是“引文结尾”的方式，达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道：“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴，虚怀若谷)，而且重复三遍，强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播，被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 　　除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式，常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种：①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理，加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言，往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道：“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述，这是体现

　　除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式，常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种：①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理，加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言，往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道：“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述，这是体现演讲内在统一性的经典形式，值得借鉴。

　　为了更加有效地掌握文中讲到的写作演讲稿的要点，笔者建议大家做到以下三点：①多看。多看一些演讲素材，比如名人演讲、演讲比赛优秀选手的演讲等，积累大量的一手素材;也有必要阅读一些关于英语公共演讲的书籍，笔者在此推荐stephen e. lucas的《演讲的艺术》(the art of public speaking)一书。②多想。学会分析这些演讲之所以精彩的原因，可以从笔者上面讲的几点入手分析。③多练。在有了一定的积累之后，要大量练习写作演讲稿，话题可以从日常学习和工作中选取，这样练习起来会更有兴趣和成就感。

　　i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观，能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 　　结尾有“道”，画龙点睛 　　演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用，要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好，如果结尾过于平淡，整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿，他的结尾比开篇更加出彩，采用的是“引文结尾”的方式，达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道：“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴，虚怀若谷)，而且重复三遍，强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播，被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 　　除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式，常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种：①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理，加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言，往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道：“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述，这是体现

乔布斯英文演讲稿

乔布斯XX斯坦福大学毕业典礼英文演讲稿

　　i am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. i never graduated from college. truth be told, this is the closest i've ever gotten to a college graduation. today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that's it. no big deal. just three stories.

　　我今天很荣幸能和你们一起参加毕业典礼，斯坦福大学是世界上最好的大学之一。我从来没有从大学中毕业。说实话,今天也许是在我的生命中离大学毕业最近的一天了。今天我想向你们讲述我生活中的三个故事。不是什么大不了的事情,只是三个故事而已。

　　the first story is about connecting the dots.

　　第一个故事是关于如何把生命中的点点滴滴串连起来。

　　i dropped out of reed college after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before i really quit. so why did i drop out?

　　我在reed大学读了六个月之后就退学了，但是在十八个月以后——我真正的作出退学决定之前，我还经常去学校。我为什么要退学呢?

　　it started before i was born. my biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. she felt very strongly that i should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. except that when i popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. so my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "we have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" they said: "of course." my biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. she refused to sign the final adoption papers. she only relented a few months later when my parents promised that i would someday go to college.

　　故事从我出生的时候讲起。我的亲生母亲是一个年轻的、没有结婚的大学毕业生。她决定让别人收养我，她十分想让我被大学毕业生收养。所以在我出生的时候，她已经做好了一切的准备工作，能使得我被一个律师和他的妻子所收养。但是她没有料到，当我出生之后，律师夫妇突然决定他们想要一个女孩。所以我的生养父母(他们还在我亲生父母的观察名单上)突然在半夜接到了一个电话：“我们现在这儿有一个不小心生出来的男婴,你们想要他吗?”他们回答道：“当然!”但是我亲生母亲随后发现，我的养母从来没有上过大学，我的父亲甚至从没有读过高中。她拒绝签这个收养合同。只是在几个月以后，我的父母答应她一定要让我上大学，那个时候她才同意。

　　and 17 years later i did go to college. but i naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. after six months, i couldn't see the value in it. i had no idea what i wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. and here i was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. so i decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out ok. it was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions i ever made. the minute i dropped out i could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

　　在十七岁那年，我真的上了大学。但是我很愚蠢的选择了一个几乎和你们斯坦福大学一样贵的学校，我父母还处于蓝领阶层，他们几乎把所有积蓄都花在了我的学费上面。在六个月后, 我已经看不到其中的价值所在。我不知道我想要在生命中做什么,我也不知道大学能帮助我找到怎样的答案。但是在这里，我几乎花光了我父母这一辈子的所有积蓄。所以我决定要退学，我觉得这是个正确的决定。不能否认，我当时确实非常的害怕，但是现在回头看看，那的确是我这一生中最棒的一个决定。在我做出退学决定的那一刻，我终于可以不必去读那些令我提不起丝毫兴趣的课程了。然后我还可以去修那些看起来有点意思的课程。

　　it wasn't all romantic. i didn't have a dorm room, so i slept on the floor in friends' rooms, i returned coke bottles for the 5￠ deposits to buy food with, and i would walk the 7 miles across town every sunday night to get one good meal a week at the hare krishna temple. i loved it. and much of what i stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. let me give you one example:

　　但是这并不是那么浪漫。我失去了我的宿舍，所以我只能在朋友房间的地板上面睡觉，我去捡5美分的可乐瓶子，仅仅为了填饱肚子，在星期天的晚上，我需要走七英里的路程，穿过这个城市到hare krishna寺庙(注：位于纽约brooklyn下城)，只是为了能吃上饭——这个星期唯一一顿好一点的饭。但是我喜欢这样。我跟着我的直觉和好奇心走，遇到的很多东西，此后被证明是无价之宝。让我给你们举一个例子吧：

　　reed college at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. because i had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, i decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. i learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. it was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and i found it fascinating.

　　reed 大学在那时提供也许是全美最好的美术课程。在这个大学里面的每个海报，每个抽屉的标签上面全都是漂亮的美术。因为我退学了，没有受到正规的训练，所以我决定去参加这个课程，去学学怎样写出漂亮的美术。我学到了san serif 和 serif 体，我学会了怎么样在不同的母组合之中改变空格的长度，还有怎么样才能作出最棒的印刷式样。那是一种科学永远不能捕捉到的、美丽的、真实的艺术精妙，我发现那实在是太美妙了。

　　none of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. but ten years later, when we were designing the first macintosh computer, it all came back to me. and we designed it all into the mac. it was the first computer with beautiful typography. if i had never dropped in on that single course in college, the mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. and since windows just copied the mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. if i had never dropped out, i would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when i was in college. but it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

　　当时看起来这些东西在我的生命中，好像都没有什么实际应用的可能。但是十年之后，当我们在设计第一台 macintosh 电脑的时候，就不是那样了。我把当时我学的那些家伙全都设计进了苹果电脑。那是第一台使用了漂亮的印刷体的电脑。如果我当时没有退学, 就不会有机会去参加这个我感兴趣的美术课程，苹果电脑就不会有这么多丰富的体，以及赏心悦目的体间距。那么现在个人电脑就不会有现在这么美妙的型了。当然我在大学的时候，还不可能把从前的点点滴滴串连起来,但是当我十年后回顾这一切的时候，真的豁然开朗了。

　　again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. you have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. this approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

　　再次说明的是,你在向前展望的时候不可能将这些片断串连起来;你只能在回顾的时候将点点滴滴串连起来。所以你必须相信这些片断会在你未来的某一天串连起来。你必须要相信某些东西：你的勇气、目的、生命、因缘。这个过程从来没有令我失望，只是让我的生命更加地与众不同而已。

　　my second story is about love and loss.

　　我的第二个故事是关于爱和损失的。

　　i was lucky – i found what i loved to do early in life. woz and i started apple in my parents garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a billion company with over 4000 employees. we had just released our finest creation - the macintosh - a year earlier, and i had just turned 30. and then i got fired. how can you get fired from a company you started? well, as apple grew we hired someone who i thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. but then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. when we did, our board of directors sided with him. so at 30 i was out. and very publicly out. what had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

　　我非常幸运，因为我在很早的时候就找到了我钟爱的东西。沃兹和我在二十岁的时候就在父母的车库里面开创了苹果公司。我们工作得很努力，十年之后，这个公司从那两个车库中的穷光蛋发展到了超过四千名的雇员、价值超过二十亿的大公司。在公司成立的第九年，我们刚刚发布了最好的产品，那就是 macintosh。我也快要到三十岁了。在那一年，我被炒了鱿鱼。你怎么可能被你自己创立的公司炒了鱿鱼呢?嗯，在苹果快速成长的时候，我们雇用了一个很有天分的家伙和我一起管理这个公司，在最初的几年，公司运转的很好。但是后来我们对未来的看法发生了分歧, 最终我们吵了起来。当争吵不可开交的时候，董事会站在了他的那一边。所以在三十岁的时候，我被炒了。在这么多人的眼皮下我被炒了。在而立之年，我生命的全部支柱离自己远去，这真是毁灭性的打击。

　　i really didn't know what to do for a few months. i felt that i had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that i had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. i met with david packard and bob noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. i was a very public failure, and i even thought about running away from the valley. but something slowly began to dawn on me – i still loved what i did. the turn of events at apple had not changed that one bit. i had been rejected, but i was still in love. and so i decided to start over.

　　在最初的几个月里，我真是不知道该做些什么。我把从前的创业激情给丢了，我觉得自己让与我一同创业的人都很沮丧。我和 david pack 和 bob boyce 见面，并试图向他们道歉。我把事情弄得糟糕透顶了。但是我渐渐发现了曙光，我仍然喜爱我从事的这些东西。苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫的没有改变这些，一点也没有。我被驱逐了，但是我仍然钟爱它。所以我决定从头再来。

　　i didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. the heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. it freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

　　我当时没有觉察，但是事后证明，从苹果公司被炒是我这辈子发生的最棒的事情。因为，作为一个成功者的极乐感觉被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替：对任何事情都不那么特别看重。这让我觉得如此自由，进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。

　　during the next five years, i started a company named next, another company named pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, toy story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. in a remarkable turn of events, apple bought next, i retuned to apple, and the technology we developed at next is at the heart of apple's current renaissance. and laurene and i have a wonderful family together.

　　在接下来的五年里, 我创立了一个名叫 next 的公司，还有一个叫pixar的公司，然后和一个后来成为我妻子的优雅女人相识。pixar 制作了世界上第一个用电脑制作的动画电影——“”玩具总动员”，pixar 现在也是世界上最成功的电脑制作工作室。在后来的一系列运转中，apple 收购了next，然后我又回到了苹果公司。我们在next 发展的技术在 apple 的复兴之中发挥了关键的作用。我还和 laurence 一起建立了一个幸福的家庭。

　　i'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if i hadn't been fired from apple. it was awful tasting medicine, but i guess the patient needed it. sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. don't lose faith. i'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that i loved what i did. you've got to find what you love. and that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. if you haven't found it yet, keep looking. don't settle. as with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. and, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. so keep looking until you find it. don't settle.

　　我可以非常肯定,如果我不被苹果公司开除的话，这其中一件事情也不会发生的。这个良药的味道实在是太苦了，但是我想病人需要这个药。有些时候，生活会拿起一块砖头向你的脑袋上猛拍一下。不要失去信心，我很清楚唯一使我一直走下去的，就是我做的事情令我无比钟爱。你需要去找到你所爱的东西，对于工作是如此，对于你的爱人也是如此。你的工作将会占据生活中很大的一部分。你只有相信自己所做的是伟大的工作，你才能怡然自得。如果你现在还没有找到，那么继续找、不要停下来、全心全意的去找，当你找到的时候你就会知道的。就像任何真诚的关系，随着岁月的流逝只会越来越紧密。所以继续找，直到你找到它，不要停下来。

　　my third story is about death.

　　我的第三个故事是关于死亡的。

　　when i was 17, i read a quote that went something like: "if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." it made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, i have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "if today were the last day of my life, would i want to do what i am about to do today?" and whenever the answer has been "no" for too many days in a row, i know i need to change something.

　　当我十七岁的时候，我读到了一句话：“如果你把每一天都当作生命中最后一天去生活的话，那么有一天你会发现你是正确的。”这句话给我留下了深刻的印象。从那时开始，过了33年，我在每天早晨都会对着镜子问自己：“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天，你会不会完成你今天想做的事情呢?”当答案连续很多次被给予 “不是”的时候，我知道自己需要改变某些事情了。

　　remembering that i'll be dead soon is the most important tool i've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. because almost everything – all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. remembering that you are going to die is the best way i know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. you are already naked. there is no reason not to follow your heart.

　　“记住你即将死去”是我一生中遇到的最重要箴言。它帮我指明了生命中重要的选择。因为几乎所有的事情，包括所有的荣誉、所有的骄傲、所有对难堪和失败的恐惧，这些在死亡面前都会消失。我看到的是留下的真正重要的东西。你有时候会思考你将会失去某些东西，“记住你即将死去”是我知道的避免这些想法的最好办法。你已经赤身裸体了，你没有理由不去跟随自己的心一起跳动。

　　about a year ago i was diagnosed with cancer. i had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. i didn't even know what a pancreas was. the doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that i should expect to live no longer than three to six months. my doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. it means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. it means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. it means to say your goodbyes.

　　大概一年以前，我被诊断出癌症。我在早晨七点半做了一个检查，检查清楚的显示在我的胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时都不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生告诉我那很可能是一种无法治愈的癌症，我还有三到六个月的时间活在这个世界上。我的医生叫我回家，然后整理好我的一切，那就是医生准备死亡的程序。那意味着你将要把未来十年对你小孩说的话在几个月里面说完;那意味着把每件事情都搞定，让你的家人会尽可能轻松的生活;那意味着你要说“再见了”。

　　i lived with that diagnosis all day. later that evening i had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. i was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. i had the surgery and i'm fine now.

　　我整天和那个诊断书一起生活。后来有一天早上我作了一个活切片检查，医生将一个内窥镜从我的喉咙伸进去,通过我的胃，然后进入我的肠子，用一根针在我的胰腺上的肿瘤上取了几个细胞。我当时很镇静，因为我被注射了镇定剂。但是我的妻子在那里，后来告诉我，当医生在显微镜地下观察这些细胞的时候他们开始尖叫，因为这些细胞最后竟然是一种非常罕见的可以用手术治愈的胰腺癌症。我做了这个手术，现在我痊愈了。

　　this was the closest i've been to facing death, and i hope its the closest i get for a few more decades. having lived through it, i can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

　　那是我最接近死亡的时候，我还希望这也是以后的几十年最接近的一次。从死亡线上又活了过来，死亡对我来说，只是一个有用但是纯粹是知识上的概念的时候，我可以更肯定一点地对你们说：

　　no one wants to die. even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. and yet death is the destination we all share. no one has ever escaped it. and that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life. it is life's change agent. it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

　　没有人愿意死，即使人们想上天堂，人们也不会为了去那里而死。但是死亡是我们每个人共同的终点。从来没有人能够逃脱它。也应该如此。因为死亡就是生命中最好的一个发明。它将旧的清除以便给新的让路。你们现在是新的，但是从现在开始不久以后，你们将会逐渐的变成旧的然后被清除。我很抱歉这很戏剧性，但是这十分的真实。

　　your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. don't be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's thinking. don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice. and most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. they somehow already know what you truly want to become. everything else is secondary.

　　你们的时间很有限，所以不要将他们浪费在重复其他人的生活上。不要被教条束缚，那意味着你和其他人思考的结果一起生活。不要被其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音。还有最重要的是，你要有勇气去听从你直觉和心灵的指示——它们在某种程度上知道你想要成为什么样子，所有其他的事情都是次要的。

　　when i was young, there was an amazing publication called the whole earth catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. it was created by a fellow named stewart brand not far from here in menlo park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. this was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. it was sort of like google in paperback form, 35 years before google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

　　当我年轻的时候，有一本叫做“整个地球的目录”振聋发聩的杂志，它是我们那一代人的圣经之一。它是一个叫 stewart brand 的家伙在离这里不远的 menlo park 书写的，他象诗一般神奇地将这本书带到了这个世界。那是六十年代后期，在个人电脑出现之前，所以这本书全部是用打机、剪刀还有偏光镜制造的。有点像用软皮包装的 google ，在 google 出现三十五年之前：这是理想主义的， 其中有许多灵巧的工具和伟大的想法。

　　stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words: "stay hungry. stay foolish." it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you.

　　stewart和他的伙伴出版了几期的“整个地球的目录”，当它完成了自己使命的时候，他们做出了最后一期的目录。那是在七十年代的中期，你们的时代。在最后一期的封底上是清晨乡村公路的照片(如果你有冒险精神的话，你可以自己找到这条路的)，在照片之下有这样一段话：“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”这是他们停止了发刊的告别语。“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”我总是希望自己能够那样，现在，在你们即将毕业，开始新的旅程的时候，我也希望你们能这样：

　　stay hungry. stay foolish.

　　求知若饥，虚心若愚。

　　thank you all very much.

　　非常感谢你们。